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  • TPS61071-Q1 90% Efficient Synchronous Boost Converter With 600-mA Switch

    • SLVSAA5A May   2010  – December 2015 TPS61071-Q1

      UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED, this document contains PRODUCTION DATA.  

  • CONTENTS
  • SEARCH
  • TPS61071-Q1 90% Efficient Synchronous Boost Converter With 600-mA Switch
  1. 1 Features
  2. 2 Applications
  3. 3 Description
  4. 4 Revision History
  5. 5 Pin Configuration and Functions
  6. 6 Specifications
    1. 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
    2. 6.2 ESD Ratings
    3. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
    4. 6.4 Thermal Information
    5. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics
    6. 6.6 Typical Characteristics
  7. 7 Detailed Description
    1. 7.1 Overview
    2. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram
    3. 7.3 Feature Description
      1. 7.3.1 Controller Circuit
        1. 7.3.1.1 Synchronous Rectifier
        2. 7.3.1.2 Undervoltage Lockout
        3. 7.3.1.3 Soft Start and Short-Circuit Protection
    4. 7.4 Device Functional Modes
      1. 7.4.1 Device Enable
  8. 8 Application and Implementation
    1. 8.1 Application Information
    2. 8.2 Typical Applications
      1. 8.2.1 Design Requirements
      2. 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
        1. 8.2.2.1 Programming the Output Voltage
        2. 8.2.2.2 Inductor Selection L1
        3. 8.2.2.3 Capacitor Selection
          1. 8.2.2.3.1 Input Capacitor C1
          2. 8.2.2.3.2 Output Capacitor C2
        4. 8.2.2.4 Small Signal Stability
      3. 8.2.3 Application Curves
    3. 8.3 System Examples
  9. 9 Power Supply Recommendations
  10. 10Layout
    1. 10.1 Layout Guidelines
    2. 10.2 Layout Example
    3. 10.3 Thermal Considerations
  11. 11Device and Documentation Support
    1. 11.1 Device Support
      1. 11.1.1 Third-Party Products Disclaimer
    2. 11.2 Community Resources
    3. 11.3 Trademarks
    4. 11.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
    5. 11.5 Glossary
  12. 12Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
  13. IMPORTANT NOTICE
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DATA SHEET

TPS61071-Q1 90% Efficient Synchronous Boost Converter With 600-mA Switch

1 Features

  • Qualified for Automotive Applications
  • AEC-Q100 Qualified With the Following Results:
    • Device Temperature Grade 2: –40°C to 105°C Ambient Operating Temperature Range
    • Device HBM Classification Level 1C
    • Device CDM Classification Level C6
  • 90% Efficient Synchronous Boost Converter
    • 75-mA Output Current at 3.3 V From 0.9-V Input
    • 150-mA Output Current at 3.3 V From 1.8-V Input
  • Device Quiescent Current: 19 µA (Typical)
  • Input Voltage Range: 0.9 V to 5.5 V
  • Adjustable Output Voltage Up to 5.5 V
  • Power-Save Mode Version Available for
    Improved Efficiency at Low Output Power
  • Load Disconnect During Shutdown
  • Overtemperature Protection
  • Small 6-Pin Thin SOT Package

2 Applications

  • Automotive Power Supplies
  • Boost Power Supplies

3 Description

The TPS61071-Q1 device provides a power supply solution for products powered by lower-voltage DC rails or a one-cell, two-cell, or three-cell alkaline, NiCd or NiMH, or one-cell Li-ion or Li-polymer battery. Output currents can go as high as 75 mA, while using a single-cell alkaline, and discharge down to 0.9 V. The device can also generate 5 V at 200 mA from a 3.3-V rail or a Li-ion battery. The boost converter is based on a fixed frequency, pulse-width-modulation (PWM) controller using a synchronous rectifier to obtain maximum efficiency. The maximum peak current in the boost switch is limited typically to a value of 600 mA.

The TPS61071-Q1 output voltage is programmed by an external resistor divider. To minimize battery drain, disable the converter. During shutdown, the load disconnects from the battery. The device package is a 6-pin thin SOT package (DDC).

Device Information(1)

PART NUMBER PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM)
TPS61071-Q1 SOT (6) 1.60 mm × 2.90 mm
  1. For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet.

Typical Application Circuit

TPS61071-Q1 typ_app_fp_lvsaa5.gif

4 Revision History

Changes from * Revision (May 2010) to A Revision

  • Added ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Supportsection, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information sectionGo
  • Changed pinout illustration.Go
  • Deleted Dissipation Ratings sectionGo
  • Updated Soft Start and Short-Circuit Protection sectionGo
  • Updated Device EnablesectionGo
  • Changed Figure 20Go
  • Updated Inductor Selection sectionGo

5 Pin Configuration and Functions

DDC Package
6-Pin SOT
Top View
TPS61071-Q1 po_lvs510.gif

Pin Functions

PIN I/O DESCRIPTION
NO. NAME
1 SW I Boost and rectifying switch input
2 GND — Device (IC) ground connection for logic and power
3 EN I Enable input (1/VBAT enabled, 0/GND disabled)
4 FB I Voltage feedback for programming the output voltage
5 VOUT O Boost converter output
6 VBAT I Supply voltage

6 Specifications

6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
MIN MAX UNIT
Input voltage range on SW, VOUT, VBAT, EN, FB –0.3 7 V
Operating virtual junction temperature, TJ –40 150 °C
Storage temperature, Tstg –65 150 °C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

6.2 ESD Ratings

VALUE UNIT
V(ESD) Electrostatic discharge Human-body model (HBM), per AEC Q100-002(1) ±2000 V
Charged-device model (CDM), per AEC Q100-011 ±1000
(1) AEC Q100-002 indicates that HBM stressing shall be in accordance with the ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 specification.

6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions

MIN NOM MAX UNIT
Supply voltage at VBAT, VI 0.9 5.5 V
Operating free air temperature range, TA –40 105 °C
Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ –40 125 °C

6.4 Thermal Information

THERMAL METRIC(1) TPS61071-Q1 UNIT
DDC (SOT)
6 PINS
RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 139.1 °C/W
RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 34.8 °C/W
RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 42.5 °C/W
ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 1.4 °C/W
ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 40.7 °C/W
RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance N/A °C/W
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.

6.5 Electrical Characteristics

over recommended free-air temperature range and over recommended input voltage range (typical at an ambient temperature range of 25°C) (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
DC-DC STAGE
VI Minimum input voltage range for start-up RL = 270 Ω 1.1 1.25 V
Input voltage range, after start-up TA = 25°C 0.9 5.5
VO Output voltage range 1.8 5.5 V
V(FB) Feedback voltage TA = 25°C 490 500 510 mV
f Oscillator frequency 960 1200 1440 kHz
I(SW) Switch current limit VOUT= 3.3 V 455 600 735 mA
Start-up current limit 0.5 × ISW mA
Boost switch-on resistance VOUT= 3.3 V 480 mΩ
Rectifying switch-on resistance VOUT= 3.3 V 600 mΩ
Total accuracy (including line and load regulation) 5%
Line regulation 1%
Load regulation 1%
Quiescent current VBAT IO= 0 mA, V(EN)= VBAT = 1.2 V,
VOUT = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C
0.5 1 µA
VOUT 190(1) 300(1)
20(2)
Shutdown current V(EN) = 0 V, VBAT = 1.2 V, TA = 25°C 0.05 0.5 µA
CONTROL STAGE
V(UVLO) Undervoltage lockout threshold V(BAT) voltage decreasing 0.8 V
VIL EN input low voltage 0.2 × VBAT V
VIH EN input high voltage 0.8 × VBAT V
EN input current Clamped on GND or VBAT 0.01 0.1 µA
Overtemperature protection 140 °C
Overtemperature hysteresis 20 °C
(1) Switching current
(2) Non-switching current

6.6 Typical Characteristics

Table 1. Table of Graphs

FIGURE
Maximum output current vs Input voltage Figure 1
Efficiency vs Output current Figure 2
vs Output current Figure 3
vs Output current Figure 4
vs Input voltage Figure 5
vs Input voltage Figure 6
Output voltage vs Output current Figure 7
vs Output current Figure 8
No load supply current into VOUT vs Input voltage Figure 9
Waveforms Output voltage in continuous mode Figure 10
Output voltage in continuous mode Figure 11
Load transient response Figure 12
Load transient response Figure 13
Line transient response Figure 14
Line transient response Figure 15
Start-up after enable Figure 16
Start-up after enable Figure 17
TPS61071-Q1 maxio_v_vi_lvs510.gif Figure 1. Maximum Output Current vs Input Voltage
TPS61071-Q1 eff33_v_io_lvsaa5.png Figure 3. Efficiency vs Output Current
TPS61071-Q1 eff_33_vi_lvsaa5.png Figure 5. Efficiency vs Input Voltage
TPS61071-Q1 vo_33_io_lvsaa5.png Figure 7. Output Voltage vs Output Current
TPS61071-Q1 nl_vout_vi_lvs510.gif Figure 9. No Load Supply Current Into VOUT vs Input Voltage
TPS61071-Q1 vo_50_cont_lvs510.gif Figure 11. TPS61071 Output Voltage in Continuous Mode
TPS61071-Q1 load50v_plot_lvs510.gif Figure 13. TPS61071 Load Transient Response
TPS61071-Q1 line50v_plot_lvs510.gif Figure 15. TPS61071 Line Transient Response
TPS61071-Q1 strup_50v_71_lvs510.gif Figure 17. TPS61071 Start-Up After Enable
TPS61071-Q1 eff18_v_io_lvsaa5.png Figure 2. Efficiency vs Output Current
TPS61071-Q1 eff50_v_io_lvsaa5.png Figure 4. Efficiency vs Output Current
TPS61071-Q1 eff_50_vi_lvsaa5.png Figure 6. Efficiency vs Input Voltage
TPS61071-Q1 vo_50_io_lvsaa5.png Figure 8. Output Voltage vs Output Current
TPS61071-Q1 vo_33_cont_lvs510.gif Figure 10. TPS61071 Output Voltage in Continuous Mode
TPS61071-Q1 load33v_plot_lvs510.gif Figure 12. TPS61071 Load Transient Response
TPS61071-Q1 line33v_plot_lvs510.gif Figure 14. TPS61071 Line Transient Response
TPS61071-Q1 strup_33v_71_lvs510.gif Figure 16. TPS61071 Start-Up After Enable

7 Detailed Description

7.1 Overview

The TPS61071-Q1 provides a boost power supply solution for products powered by either DC supply rails or batteries such as one-cell, two-cell, or three-cell alkaline, NiCd or NiMH, or one-cell Li-ion or Li-polymer battery. Output currents can go as high as 75 mA, while using a single-cell alkaline, and discharge down to 0.9 V. The device can also generate 5 V at 200 mA from a 3.3-V rail or a Li-ion battery. The boost converter is based on a fixed frequency, pulse-width modulation (PWM) controller using a synchronous rectifier to obtain maximum efficiency. The TPS61071-Q1 does not have a POWER-SAVE mode. Even with low-load currents, the device is forced to operate at the fixed switching frequency. The maximum peak current in the boost switch is limited typically to a value of 600 mA. An external-resistor divider programs the output voltage. To minimize battery drain, disable the converter. During shutdown, the load disconnects from the battery.

7.2 Functional Block Diagram

TPS61071-Q1 fbd_lvs510.gif

7.3 Feature Description

7.3.1 Controller Circuit

The controller circuit of the device is based on a fixed-frequency multiple feed-forward controller topology. Input voltage, output voltage, and voltage drop on the NMOS switch are monitored and forwarded to the regulator. So, changes in the operating conditions of the converter directly affect the duty cycle and must not take the indirect and slow way through the control loop and the error amplifier. The control loop, determined by the error amplifier, only has to handle small signal errors. The input for it is the feedback voltage on the FB pin. It is compared with the internal reference voltage to generate an accurate and stable output voltage.

The peak current of the NMOS switch is also sensed to limit the maximum current flowing through the switch and the inductor. The typical peak-current limit is set to 600 mA. An internal temperature sensor prevents the device from getting overheated in case of excessive power dissipation.

7.3.1.1 Synchronous Rectifier

The device integrates an N-channel and a P-channel MOSFET transistor to realize a synchronous rectifier. Because the commonly used discrete Schottky rectifier is replaced with a low RDS(on) PMOS switch, the power conversion efficiency reaches values above 90%. A special circuit is applied to disconnect the load from the input during shutdown of the converter. In conventional synchronous rectifier circuits, the backgate diode of the high-side PMOS is forward biased in shutdown and allows current flowing from the battery to the output. However, this device uses a special circuit, which takes the cathode of the backgate diode of the high-side PMOS and disconnects it from the source when the regulator is not enabled (EN = low).

The benefit of this feature for the system design engineer is that the battery is not depleted during shutdown of the converter. No additional components must be added to the design to make sure that the battery is disconnected from the output of the converter.

7.3.1.2 Undervoltage Lockout

An undervoltage lockout function prevents the device from operating if the supply voltage on VBAT is lower than approximately 0.8 V. When in operation and the battery is being discharged, the device automatically enters the shutdown mode if the voltage on VBAT drops below approximately 0.8 V. This undervoltage lockout function is implemented in order to prevent the malfunctioning of the converter.

7.3.1.3 Soft Start and Short-Circuit Protection

When the device enables, the internal start-up cycle starts with the first step, the precharge phase. During precharge, the rectifying switch is turned on until the output capacitor is charged to a value close to the input voltage. The rectifying switch is current limited during this phase. The current limit increases with the output voltage. This circuit also limits the output current under short-circuit conditions at the output. Figure 18 shows the typical precharge current vs output voltage for specific input voltages:

TPS61071-Q1 cur_vo_lvs510.gif Figure 18. Precharge and Short Circuit Current

After charging the output capacitor to the input voltage, the device starts switching. If the input voltage is below 1.8 V, the device works with a fixed duty cycle of 70% until the output voltage reaches 1.8 V. After that the duty cycle is set depending on the input output voltage ratio. Until the output voltage reaches its nominal value, the boost switch current limit is set to 50% of its nominal value to avoid high peak currents at the battery during start-up. As soon as the output voltage is reached, the regulator takes control, and the switch current limit is set back to 100%.

7.4 Device Functional Modes

7.4.1 Device Enable

The device is put into operation when EN is set high and put into a SHUTDOWN mode when EN is set to GND. In SHUTDOWN mode, the regulator stops switching, all internal control circuitry switches off, and the device isolates the load from the input (see Synchronous Rectifier). This also means that the output voltage can drop below the input voltage during shutdown. During start-up of the converter, the duty cycle and the peak current are limited to avoid high-peak currents drawn from the battery.

 

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