LMR36006 稳压器是一款易于使用的同步降压直流/直流转换器。该器件具有集成高侧和低侧功率 MOSFET,可在 4.2V 至 60V 的宽输入电压范围内提供高达 0.6A 的输出电流。 容差高达 66V。 这种瞬态电压耐受能力降低了防止过压所需的设计工作量,并满足 IEC 61000-4-5 的浪涌抗扰度要求。
LMR36006 采用峰值电流模式控制机制来提供最佳的效率和输出电压精度。精密使能支持直接连接到宽输入电压或对器件启动和关断进行精确控制,因此提供了灵活性。附带内置滤波和延迟功能的电源正常状态标志可提供系统状态的真实指示,免去了使用外部监控器的麻烦。
LMR36006 采用 HotRod™ 封装,实现了低噪声、更高的效率和最小的封装裸片比率。 此器件需要极少外部组件,其引脚设计可实现简单的 PCB 布局。LMR36006 的小解决方案尺寸和功能集旨在简化各种终端设备的实施,这些终端设备包括超小型现场发送器和视觉传感器等具有严苛空间要求的 应用 。
器件型号 | 封装 | 封装尺寸(标称值) |
---|---|---|
LMR36006 | VQFN-HR (12) | 2.00mm x 3.00mm |
NO. | NAME | TYPE | DESCRIPTION |
---|---|---|---|
1, 11 | PGND | G | Power ground terminal. Connect to system ground and AGND. Connect to CIN with short wide traces. |
2, 10 | VIN | P | Input supply to regulator. Connect to CIN with short wide traces. |
3 | NC | — | Connect the SW pin to NC on the PCB. This simplifies the connection from the CBOOT capacitor to the SW pin. This pin has no internal connection to the regulator. |
4 | BOOT | P | Boot-strap supply voltage for internal high-side driver. Connect a high-quality 100-nF capacitor from this pin to the SW pin. Connect the SW pin to NC on the PCB. This simplifies the connection from the CBOOT capacitor to the SW pin. |
5 | VCC | P | Internal 5-V LDO output. Used as supply to internal control circuits. Do not connect to external loads. Can be used as logic supply for power-good flag. Connect a high-quality 1-µF capacitor from this pin to GND. |
6 | AGND | G | Analog ground for regulator and system. Ground reference for internal references and logic. All electrical parameters are measured with respect to this pin. Connect to system ground on PCB. |
7 | FB | A | Feedback input to regulator. Connect to tap point of feedback voltage divider. DO NOT FLOAT. DO NOT GROUND. |
8 | PG | A | Open drain power-good flag output. Connect to suitable voltage supply through a current limiting resistor. High = power OK, low = power bad. Goes low when EN = Low. Can be open or grounded when not used. |
9 | EN | A | Enable input to regulator. High = ON, low = OFF. Can be connected directly to VIN; DO NOT FLOAT. |
12 | SW | P | Regulator switch node. Connect to power inductor. Connect the SW pin to NC on the PCB. This simplifies the connection from the CBOOT capacitor to the SW pin. |
A = Analog, P = Power, G = Ground |
MIN | MAX | UNIT | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Input voltage | VIN to PGND | –0.3 | 66 | V |
Input voltage | EN to AGND | –0.3 | 66.3 | V |
Input voltage | FB to AGND | –0.3 | 5.5 | V |
Input voltage | PG to AGND | –0.3 | 22 | V |
Input voltage | AGND to PGND | –0.3 | 0.3 | V |
Output voltage | SW to PGND | –0.3 | 66.3 | V |
Output voltage | SW to PGND less than 10-ns transients | –3.5 | 66.3 | V |
Output voltage | CBOOT to SW | –0.3 | 5.5 | V |
Output voltage | VCC to AGND | –0.3 | 5.5 | V |
Junction Temperature TJ | -40 | 150 | °C | |
Storage temperature, Tstg | –65 | 150 | °C |
VALUE | UNIT | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V(ESD) | Electrostatic discharge | Human-body model (HBM)(1) | ±2500 | V |
V(ESD) | Electrostatic discharge | Charged-device model (CDM)(2) | ±750 | V |
MIN | MAX | UNIT | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Input voltage | VIN to PGND | 4.2 | 60 | V |
EN to PGND(2) | 0 | 60 | V | |
PG to PGND(2) | 0 | 18 | V | |
Output current | IOUT | 0 | 0.6 | A |
THERMAL METRIC(1) | LMR36006 | UNIT | |
---|---|---|---|
RNX (VQFN-HR) | |||
12 PINS | |||
RθJA | Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance | 72.5 | °C/W |
RθJC(top) | Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance | 35.9 | °C/W |
RθJB | Junction-to-board thermal resistance | 23.3 | °C/W |
ψJT | Junction-to-top characterization parameter | 0.8 | °C/W |
ψJB | Junction-to-board characterization parameter | 23.5 | °C/W |
PARAMETER | TEST CONDITIONS | MIN | TYP | MAX | UNIT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VIN PIN) | ||||||
IQ-nonSW | Operating quiescent current (non-switching)(2) | VEN = 3.3 V (PFM variant only) | 18 | 26 | 36 | µA |
ISD | Shutdown quiescent current; measured at VIN pin | VEN = 0 V | 5 | µA | ||
ENABLE (EN PIN) | ||||||
VEN-VCC-H | Enable input high level for VCC output | VENABLE rising | 1.14 | V | ||
VEN-VCC-L | Enable input low level for VCC output | VENABLE falling | 0.3 | V | ||
VEN-VOUT-H | Enable input high level for VOUT | VENABLE rising | 1.157 | 1.231 | 1.3 | V |
VEN-VOUT-HYS | Enable input hysteresis for VOUT | Hysteresis below VENABLE-H; falling | 110 | mV | ||
ILKG-EN | Enable input leakage current | VEN = 3.3V | 0.2 | nA | ||
INTERNAL LDO (VCC PIN) | ||||||
VCC | Internal VCC voltage | 6 V ≤ VIN ≤ 60 V | 4.75 | 5 | 5.25 | V |
VCC-UVLO-Rising | Internal VCC undervoltage lockout | VCC rising | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.0 | V |
VCC-UVLO-Falling | Internal VCC undervoltage lockout | VCC falling | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.5 | V |
VOLTAGE REFERENCE (FB PIN) | ||||||
VFB | Feedback voltage | 0.985 | 1 | 1.015 | V | |
ILKG-FB | Feedback leakage current | FB = 1 V | 0.2 | nA | ||
CURRENT LIMITS AND HICCUP | ||||||
ISC | High-side current limit(3) | 0.8 | 1 | 1.2 | A | |
ILS-LIMIT | Low-side current limit(3) | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.95 | A | |
IL-ZC | Zero cross detector threshold | PFM variants only | 0.02 | A | ||
IPEAK-MIN | Minimum inductor peak current(3) | 0.18 | A | |||
POWER GOOD (PGOOD PIN) | ||||||
VPG-HIGH-UP | Power-Good upper threshold - rising | % of FB voltage | 105% | 107% | 110% | |
VPG-LOW-DN | Power-Good lower threshold - falling | % of FB voltage | 90% | 93% | 95% | |
VPG-HYS | Power-Good hysteresis (rising & falling) | % of FB voltage | 2% | |||
TPG | Power-Good rising/falling edge deglitch delay | 80 | 140 | 200 | µs | |
VPG-VALID | Minimum input voltage for proper Power-Good function | 2 | V | |||
RPG | Power-Good on-resistance | VEN = 2.5 V | 80 | 165 | Ω | |
RPG | Power-Good on-resistance | VEN = 0 V | 35 | 90 | Ω | |
OSCILLATOR | ||||||
FOSC | Internal oscillator frequency | 2.1-MHz variant | 1.95 | 2.1 | 2.35 | MHz |
FOSC | Internal oscillator frequency | 1-MHz variant | 0.85 | 1 | 1.15 | MHz |
MOSFETS | ||||||
RDS-ON-HS | High-side MOSFET ON-resistance | IOUT = 0.5 A | 225 | 435 | mΩ | |
RDS-ON-LS | Low-side MOSFET ON-resistance | IOUT = 0.5 A | 150 | 280 | mΩ |
MIN | NOM | MAX | UNIT | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
tON-MIN | Minimum switch on-time | 55 | 83 | ns | ||
tOFF-MIN | Minimum switch off-time | 53 | 73 | ns | ||
tON-MAX | Maximum switch on-time | 7 | 12 | µs | ||
tSS | Internal soft-start time | 3 | 4.5 | 6 | ms |
PARAMETER | TEST CONDITIONS | MIN | TYP | MAX | UNIT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VIN | Operating input voltage range | 4.2 | 60 | V | ||
VOUT | Adjustable output voltage regulation(1) | PFM operation | –1.5% | 2.5% | ||
ISUPPLY | Input supply current when in regulation | VIN = 24 V, VOUT = 3.3 V, IOUT = 0 A,
RFBT = 1 MΩ, PFM variant |
26 | µA | ||
DMAX | Maximum switch duty cycle(2) | 98% | ||||
VHC | FB pin voltage required to trip short-circuit hiccup mode | 0.4 | V | |||
tHC | Time between current-limit hiccup burst | 94 | ms | |||
tD | Switch voltage dead time | 2 | ns | |||
TSD | Thermal shutdown temperature | Shutdown temperature | 170 | °C | ||
TSD | Thermal shutdown temperature | Recovery temperature | 158 | °C |
VFB = 1 V | ||
VIN = 24 V |
EN = 0 V | ||
VIN = 24 V |
IOUT = 0 A | VOUT = 3.3 V | |
ƒSW = 1000 kHz |
The LMR36006 is a synchronous peak-current-mode buck regulator designed for a wide variety of industrial applications. The regulator automatically switches modes between PFM and PWM depending on load. At heavy loads, the device operates in PWM at a constant switching frequency. At light loads the mode changes to PFM, with diode emulation allowing DCM. This reduces the input supply current and keeps efficiency high. The device features internal loop compensation which reduces design time and requires fewer external components than externally compensated regulators.
The LMR36006 is designed with a flip-chip or HotRod™ technology, greatly reducing the parasitic inductance of pins. In addition, the layout of the device allows for reduction in the radiated noise generated by the switching action through partial cancellation of the current generated magnetic field. As a result the switch-node waveform exhibits less overshoot and ringing.
The power-good flag function (PG output pin) of the LMR36006 can be used to reset a system microprocessor whenever the output voltage is out of regulation. This open-drain output goes low under fault conditions, such as current limit and thermal shutdown, as well as during normal start-up. A glitch filter prevents false flag operation for short excursions of the output voltage, such as during line and load transients. Output voltage excursions lasting less than tPG do not trip the power-good flag. Power-good operation can best be understood by reference to Figure 8 and Figure 9. Note that during initial power-up a delay of about 4 ms (typical) is inserted from the time that EN is asserted to the time that the power-good flag goes high. This delay only occurs during start-up and is not encountered during normal operation of the power-good function.
The power-good output consists of an open drain NMOS; requiring an external pullup resistor to a suitable logic supply. It can also be pulled up to either VCC or VOUT, through an appropriate resistor, as desired. If this function is not needed, the PG pin must be grounded. When EN is pulled low, the flag output is also forced low. With EN low, power good remains valid as long as the input voltage is ≥ 2 V (typical). Limit the current into this pin to ≤ 4 mA.
Start-up and shutdown are controlled by the EN input. This input features precision thresholds, allowing the use of an external voltage divider to provide an adjustable input UVLO (see the section). Applying a voltage of ≥ VEN-VCC-H causes the device to enter standby mode, powering the internal VCC, but not producing an output voltage. Increasing the EN voltage to VEN-OUT-H (VEN-H in Figure 10) fully enables the device, allowing it to enter start-up mode and beginning the soft-start period. When the EN input is brought below VEN-OUT-H (VEN-H in Figure 10) by VEN-OUT-HYS (VEN-HYS in Figure 10), the regulator stops running and enters standby mode. Further decrease in the EN voltage to below VEN-VCC-L completely shuts down the device. This behavior is shown in Figure 10. The EN input may be connected directly to VIN if this feature is not needed. This input must not be allowed to float. The values for the various EN thresholds can be found in the Electrical CharacteristicsElectrical Characteristics table.
The LMR36006 utilizes a reference-based soft start that prevents output voltage overshoots and large inrush currents as the regulator is starting up. A typical start-up waveform is shown in Figure 11 along with typical timings. The rise time of the output voltage is about 4 ms.
The LMR36006 incorporates valley current limit for normal overloads and for short-circuit protection. In addition the high-side power MOSFET is protected from excessive current by a peak current limit circuit. Cycle-by-cycle current limit is used for overloads, while hiccup mode is used for short circuits. Finally, a zero current detector is used on the low-side power MOSFET to implement diode emulation mode (DEM) at light loads (see Glossary).
During overloads the low-side current limit, ILIMIT, determines the maximum load current that the LMR36006 can supply. When the low-side switch turns on, the inductor current begins to ramp down. If the current does not fall below ILIMIT before the next turnon cycle, then that cycle is skipped, and the low-side MOSFET is left on until the current falls below ILIMIT. This is somewhat different than the more typical peak current limit and results in Equation 1 for the maximum load current.
where
If, during current limit, the voltage on the FB input falls below about 0.4 V due to a short circuit, the device enters into hiccup mode. In this mode the device stops switching for tHC or about 94 ms, and then goes through a normal re-start with soft start. If the short-circuit condition remains, the device runs in current limit for about 20 ms (typical) and then shuts down again. This cycle repeats, as shown in Figure 12 as long as the short-circuit condition persists. This mode of operation helps to reduce the temperature rise of the device during a hard short on the output. Of course the output current is greatly reduced during hiccup mode. Once the output short is removed and the hiccup delay is passed, the output voltage recovers normally as shown in Figure 12.
The high-side-current limit trips when the peak inductor current reaches ISC. This is a cycle-by-cycle current limit and does not produce any frequency or load current fold back. It is meant to protect the high-side MOSFET from excessive current. Under some conditions, such as high input voltages, this current limit may trip before the low-side protection. Under this condition, ISC determines the maximum output current. Note that ISC varies with duty cycle.
The LMR36006 incorporates an undervoltage-lockout feature on the output of the internal LDO (at the VCC pin). When VCC reaches 3.8 V (typ.), the device receives the EN signal and starts switching. When VCC falls below 3.3 V (typ.), the device shuts down, regardless of EN status. Because the LDO is in dropout during these transitions, the previously mentioned values roughly represent the input voltage levels during the transitions.
Thermal shutdown is provided to protect the regulator from excessive junction temperature. When the junction temperature reaches about 170°C, the device shuts down; re-start occurs when the temperature falls to about 158°C .
In auto mode the device moves between PWM and PFM as the load changes. At light loads the regulator operates in PFM. At higher loads the mode changes to PWM.
In PWM the regulator operates as a constant frequency, current mode, full synchronous converter using PWM to regulate the output voltage. While operating in this mode the output voltage is regulated by switching at a constant frequency and modulating the duty cycle to control the power to the load. This provides excellent line and load regulation and low output voltage ripple.
In PFM the high-side MOSFET is turned on in a burst of one or more pulses to provide energy to the load. The duration of the burst depends on how long it takes the inductor current to reach IPEAK-MIN. The frequency of these bursts is adjusted to regulate the output, while diode emulation (DEM) is used to maximize efficiency (see Glossary). This mode provides high light-load efficiency by reducing the amount of input supply current required to regulate the output voltage at small loads. This trades off very good light-load efficiency for larger output voltage ripple and variable switching frequency. Also, a small increase in output voltage occurs at light loads. The actual switching frequency and output voltage ripple depends on the input voltage, output voltage, and load. Typical switching waveforms in PFM and PWM are shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14.See the Application Curves for output voltage variation with load in auto mode.
The dropout performance of any buck regulator is affected by the RDSON of the power MOSFETs, the DC resistance of the inductor, and the maximum duty cycle that the controller can achieve. As the input voltage is reduced to near the output voltage, the off-time of the high-side MOSFET starts to approach the minimum value. Beyond this point the switching may become erratic and/or the output voltage falls out of regulation. To avoid this problem the LMR36006 automatically reduces the switching frequency to increase the effective duty cycle and maintain regulation. In this data sheet the dropout voltage is defined as the difference between the input and output voltage when the output has dropped by 1% of its nominal value. Under this condition the switching frequency has dropped to its minimum value of about 140 kHz. Note that the 0.4 V short circuit detection threshold is not activated when in dropout mode. Typical dropout characteristics can be found in Figure 15 and Figure 16.
Every switching regulator has a minimum controllable on-time dictated by the inherent delays and blanking times associated with the control circuits. This imposes a minimum switch duty cycle and therefore a minimum conversion ratio. The constraint is encountered at high input voltages and low output voltages. To help extend the minimum controllable duty cycle, the LMR36006 automatically reduces the switching frequency when the minimum on-time limit is reached. In this way the converter can regulate the lowest programmable output voltage at the maximum input voltage. An estimate for the approximate input voltage, for a given output voltage, before frequency foldback occurs is found in Equation 2. As the input voltage is increased, the switch on-time (duty cycle) reduces to regulate the output voltage. When the on-time reaches the limit, the switching frequency drops, while the on-time remains fixed.
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.